Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a common but serious condition affecting millions of Americans. It occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the limbs become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup, reducing circulation primarily to the legs. If left untreated, PAD can lead to severe complications, including non-healing wounds, infections, and even limb amputation.
Recognizing the Symptoms of PAD
PAD often progresses silently, with many individuals unaware they have the condition until symptoms become more severe. Common signs of PAD include:
- Leg pain or cramping (claudication) during walking that improves with rest
- Numbness or weakness in the legs
- Coldness in one lower leg or foot compared to the other
- Non-healing sores or ulcers on the feet and legs
- Discoloration or shiny skin on the legs
- Slower growth of toenails and leg hair
Who Is at Risk for PAD?
Several factors can increase the risk of developing PAD, including:
- Smoking: One of the most significant risk factors, as it damages arteries and accelerates plaque buildup.
- Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can cause vascular damage, increasing PAD risk.
- High Blood Pressure: Elevated pressure in the arteries contributes to artery damage.
- High Cholesterol: Excess cholesterol can form plaques that narrow arteries.
- Age: PAD risk increases with age, particularly over 50.
- Family History: A genetic predisposition can make individuals more susceptible.
Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Early detection is key to managing PAD and preventing complications. A physician may use tests like the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI), ultrasound, or angiography to diagnose the condition.
Treatment options focus on improving circulation and preventing disease progression. These may include:
- Lifestyle Modifications: Smoking cessation, regular exercise, and a heart-healthy diet can significantly improve symptoms and overall cardiovascular health.
- Medications: Blood thinners, cholesterol-lowering drugs, and medications to control blood sugar and blood pressure help manage PAD.
- Minimally Invasive Procedures: Angioplasty, stenting, or atherectomy can open narrowed arteries and restore blood flow.
- Surgical Options: In advanced cases, bypass surgery may be necessary to reroute blood around blocked arteries.
Take Control of Your Vascular Health
If you experience symptoms of PAD or have risk factors for the disease, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for evaluation and management. Early intervention can help prevent serious complications and improve overall vascular health.
At Tri-City Cardiology, our vascular specialists are dedicated to providing comprehensive care for PAD patients. Contact us today to schedule an evaluation and take the first step toward better circulation and healthier legs.